{"id":349,"date":"2019-02-06T11:21:44","date_gmt":"2019-02-06T11:21:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/concerned-coyote.w5.wpsandbox.pro\/?p=349"},"modified":"2020-03-03T00:29:12","modified_gmt":"2020-03-02T21:29:12","slug":"two-cycles-on-the-stand","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/uncategorized\/two-cycles-on-the-stand\/","title":{"rendered":"G\u00fczelli\u011fin Beyni"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><img decoding=\"async\" loading=\"lazy\" class=\"alignright size-medium wp-image-1010\" src=\"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/two-models-posing-223x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"223\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/two-models-posing-223x300.jpg 223w, http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/two-models-posing.jpg 308w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 223px) 100vw, 223px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>\u201cG\u00fczellik\u201d, muhtemelen hem sanat eserlerine hem de do\u011fal d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tepkiler veren en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en kapsaml\u0131 terimdir; \u201cG\u00fczellik\u201d ayn\u0131 zamanda, estetik tecr\u00fcbeyi tarif etmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z di\u011fer kelimelerin aksine (\u201cilahi\u201d, \u201cheyecan verici\u201d, \u201cy\u00fcce\u201d, \u201charika\u201d, \u201cho\u015f\u201d, \u201ckorkun\u00e7\u201d veya hatta \u201c ho\u015f \u201d), \u00f6ncelikle estetik ve geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kullan\u0131lan bir referans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahiptir.<\/p>\n<p>Bununla birlikte, \u201cg\u00fczelli\u011fi hissetmek\u201d, sadece \u201cg\u00fczellik\u201d ve kin gibi terimlerin de\u011ferini de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u201chissi\u201d &#8211; t\u00fcm estetik tepkilerin hissetmeye dayand\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilkesini vurgulamaktad\u0131r ve hissiyat\u0131 bilgiyi \u015fa\u015f\u0131rt\u0131c\u0131, dinamik yollarla ili\u015fkilendirir.<\/p>\n<p>G\u00fczellik deneyimi bir insan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmesini gerektiriyor mu? Duygusal zevkler, yemek veya seks gibi g\u00fczel olabilir mi?<\/p>\n<p>Bu t\u00fcr sorular uzun s\u00fcredir felsefecilere sahipti, Immanuel Kant, g\u00fczelli\u011fin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gerektirdi\u011fi iddias\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ne s\u00fcrd\u00fc, duygusal zevkten farkl\u0131 olarak, asla g\u00fczel olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yledi. \u015eimdi, 11 May\u0131s&#8217;ta G\u00fcncel Biyoloji&#8217;de bu felsefi nosyonlar\u0131 bir dizi psikolojik deneyde teste sokan ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, Kant&#8217;\u0131n bir konuda hakl\u0131, di\u011ferinde yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yl\u00fcyor. Bulgular\u0131, dikkat da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n asl\u0131nda g\u00fczellik deneyiminden uzakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steriyor. Ba\u015fka bir deyi\u015fle, g\u00fczel bir resme bakarken g\u00fczelli\u011fi deneyimlemek d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmektedir. \u00d6te yandan, onlar\u0131n kan\u0131tlar\u0131 duyusal zevklerin de g\u00fczel olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n<p>New York \u00dcniversitesi&#8217;nden Denis Pelli, \u201cBu g\u00fczelli\u011fin ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fi anda son derece zevkli ve bu zevkten her zaman g\u00fczel oldu\u011funu anl\u0131yoruz\u201d diyor.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">\u201cG\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc zevk ve g\u00fczelli\u011fin her ikisi de d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gerektirir.\u201d<\/span><\/p>\n<p>Brielmann, \u201cBulgular\u0131m\u0131z sanat d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok \u015feyin g\u00fczel olabilece\u011fini &#8211; hatta tatl\u0131 olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6steriyor\u201d diyor. \u201cAma maksimum zevk i\u00e7in, hi\u00e7bir \u015fey dikkat \u00e7ekmeyen g\u00fczelli\u011fi yenemez.\u201d Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bulgular, \u00f6znel ve ge\u00e7ici olan g\u00fczelli\u011fin hala \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebildi\u011fini ve matematiksel olarak modellenebilece\u011fini vurgulamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #99cc00;\">G\u00fczellik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gerektirir<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, bu ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya devam etmeyi ve g\u00fczelli\u011fin hayat\u0131m\u0131zdaki rol\u00fcyle ilgili sorular\u0131 yan\u0131tlamay\u0131 umarak devam etmeyi planl\u0131yor.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6rne\u011fin, \u201cG\u00fczelli\u011fi deneyimleyemeyen insanlar var m\u0131?<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fczelli\u011fin karar vermedeki rol\u00fc nedir?<\/li>\n<li>Yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k i\u00e7in bir g\u00fczellik duygusu gerekli midir?<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7irkinlik g\u00fczelli\u011fin tersi mi yoksa ayr\u0131 bir boyut mu? \u201d<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fczellik ve g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc zevk icra\/y\u00f6netim i\u015flevi gerektirir; daha az zevkler yok<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fczellik zevkle do\u011frusal olarak artar<\/li>\n<li>Tat ve dokunu\u015ftan gelen duyusal zevkler bazen g\u00fczel olabilir<\/li>\n<li>G\u00fczel ya da duyusal uyaranlardan olsun, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc zevk her zaman g\u00fczeldir<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>G\u00fczelli\u011fin deneyimi bir zevktir, ancak sa\u011fduyu ve felsefe, g\u00fczelli\u011fi hissetmenin yemek yeme veya seks gibi duygusal zevklerden farkl\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/li>\n<li>Immanuel Kant, g\u00fczelli\u011fi deneyimlemenin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gerektirdi\u011fini, ancak duyusal zevkin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncesiz bir \u015fekilde tad\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fini ve g\u00fczel olamayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 iddia etti.<\/li>\n<li>Bu de\u011ferli hipotezler, estetik i\u015flem modellerinde varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmekte ancak test edilmemi\u015ftir.<\/li>\n<li>Burada, kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar s\u00fcrekli olarak nominal olarak g\u00fczel ya da g\u00fczel olmayan bir uyar\u0131c\u0131dan duyulan hazz\u0131 de\u011ferlendirdiler ve daha sonra g\u00fczelli\u011fi ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131na karar verdiler.<\/li>\n<li>\u00c7e\u015fitli duyular\u0131 i\u00e7ine alan uyaranlar g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri g\u00f6rmeyi, \u015fekeri tatmay\u0131 ve bir oyuncak ay\u0131ya dokunmay\u0131 i\u00e7eriyordu.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li>Zevk genli\u011fi, g\u00fczellik hissi ile do\u011frusal olarak artar.<\/li>\n<li>Kant\u2019\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce ihtiyac\u0131na dair iddias\u0131n\u0131 test etmek i\u00e7in, g\u00f6zlemcinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerinin dikkatini da\u011f\u0131tmak i\u00e7in \u201ciki tarafl\u0131\u201d bir g\u00f6rev ekleyerek bili\u015fsel kapasiteyi azalt\u0131yoruz.<\/li>\n<li><span style=\"color: #ff6600;\">Dikkat da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131, aksi halde g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc zevk \u00fcreten uyaranlardan edinilen g\u00fczelli\u011fi ve zevki azalt\u0131r ve daha az ho\u015f uyaranlara ay\u0131r\u0131r.<\/span><\/li>\n<li>Ayr\u0131ca, g\u00fczel uyaranlar taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde veya sadece zaman zaman duyusal uyaranlar taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fcvenilir bir \u015fekilde \u00fcretilip \u00fcretilmedi\u011fine bak\u0131lmaks\u0131z\u0131n, g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc hazz\u0131n her zaman g\u00fczel oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/li>\n<li>\u00d6zetle, Kant\u2019\u0131n sadece g\u00fczelli\u011fi hissetmekle ili\u015fkili haz\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce gerektirdi\u011fini ve duyusal zevklerin g\u00fczel olamayaca\u011f\u0131 iddias\u0131n\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funu iddia etti\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Nihat Ay\u00e7eman<\/p>\n<p>Referanslar<\/p>\n<p>\u201cBeauty Requires Thought\u201d by Aenne A. Brielmann and Denis G. Pelli in\u00a0<i>Current Biology<\/i>. Published online May 11 2017 doi:10.1016\/j.cub.2017.04.018<\/p>\n<blockquote class=\"wp-embedded-content\" data-secret=\"xf6G9n1Phg\"><p><a href=\"http:\/\/magazine.pomona.edu\/2017\/summer\/exploring-the-neuroscience-of-beauty\/\">Exploring the Neuroscience of Beauty: G. Gabrielle Starr Discusses Her Book, Feeling Beauty<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p><iframe title=\"&#8220;Exploring the Neuroscience of Beauty: G. Gabrielle Starr Discusses Her Book, Feeling Beauty&#8221; &#8212; Magazine\" class=\"wp-embedded-content\" sandbox=\"allow-scripts\" security=\"restricted\" style=\"position: absolute; clip: rect(1px, 1px, 1px, 1px);\" src=\"http:\/\/magazine.pomona.edu\/2017\/summer\/exploring-the-neuroscience-of-beauty\/embed\/#?secret=xf6G9n1Phg\" data-secret=\"xf6G9n1Phg\" width=\"600\" height=\"338\" frameborder=\"0\" marginwidth=\"0\" marginheight=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\"><\/iframe><\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u201cG\u00fczellik\u201d, muhtemelen hem sanat eserlerine hem de do\u011fal d\u00fcnyan\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131mlar\u0131na g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc tepkiler veren en b\u00fcy\u00fck ve en kapsaml\u0131 terimdir; \u201cG\u00fczellik\u201d ayn\u0131 zamanda, estetik tecr\u00fcbeyi tarif etmek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z di\u011fer kelimelerin aksine (\u201cilahi\u201d, \u201cheyecan verici\u201d, \u201cy\u00fcce\u201d, \u201charika\u201d, \u201cho\u015f\u201d, \u201ckorkun\u00e7\u201d veya hatta \u201c ho\u015f \u201d), \u00f6ncelikle estetik ve geni\u015f \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde kullan\u0131lan bir referans aral\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahiptir. Bununla&hellip; <br \/> <a class=\"button small blue\" href=\"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/uncategorized\/two-cycles-on-the-stand\/\">Read more<\/a><\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":865,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[112],"tags":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/349"}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=349"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/349\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6117,"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/349\/revisions\/6117"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/865"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=349"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=349"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.academicana.com\/en_gb\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=349"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}